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Item High-Volume Recycled Waste Glass Powder Cement-Based Materials: Role of Glass Powder Granularity(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-07) Younsi, Akli; Mahi, Mohammed Amar; Hamami, Ameur El Amine; Belarbi, Rafik; Bastidas-Arteaga, EmilioThe use of recycled waste glass powder (RWGP) as a partial substitute for cement in cement-based materials offers a promising solution for reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainable waste management practices. An experimental study was conducted on a reference material made with Portland-limestone cement CEMII/A-LL42.5R and three other materials containing 50 wt% RWGP with different mean diameters, d50: 16, 18, and 25 µm. The main objective was to analyze the role of RWGP granularity in the short- and medium-term properties of the cement-based materials. The results showed that coarser RWGP granularity led to an increase in fluidity and Portlandite content, while water demand and mechanical properties decreased. However, the range of RWGP granularities tested did not significantly affect the initial setting time, fresh and dry density, hydration temperature, and water porosity. These findings suggest that the choice of RWGP granularity should depend on the desired properties of the cement-based material. © 2023 by the authors.Item HBIM: A Tool for Enhancing the Diagnosis of Historical Buildings: The Case of St. George’s Memorial Anglican Church, Oshawa(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-08) Taileb, Ali; Dekkiche, Hamoud; Sherzad, Mohammed FareedThe primary objective of this research is to address the research gap in the conservation of heritage buildings in Canada by integrating Historical Building Information Modeling (HBIM) as a tool. The proposed study aims to develop an enhanced framework for the preservation of historical buildings through the utilization of HBIM and 3D-scanning technology. As a result, the research aims to generate a comprehensive database comprising various families of models while also incorporating strategies for point-cloud clustering data. The significance of this research lies in its potential to contribute to the conservation and restoration process of historical buildings. Currently, there are a lack of standardized approaches and comprehensive databases for accurately documenting and reproducing historical buildings. By integrating HBIM and 3D-scanning technology, this research will enable the creation of highly accurate three-dimensional virtual models, consisting of millions of points, which will serve as a comprehensive dataset for the restoration of heritage buildings. The findings of this research will benefit multiple stakeholders. Preservation architects, conservationists, and heritage professionals will gain a valuable tool for documenting and analyzing historical buildings with a high level of precision. The comprehensive database and framework proposed in this study will facilitate decision-making processes during the restoration and preservation phases, ensuring that the original architectural elements and materials are faithfully reproduced. Additionally, policymakers and governmental organizations involved in heritage conservation can use the outcomes of this research to establish standardized guidelines and regulations for the preservation of historical buildings in Canada. Ultimately, the broader community will benefit from the enhanced preservation efforts, as it will contribute to the cultural and historical identity of the nation, fostering a sense of pride and connection to the past. © 2023 by the authors.Item A review on recent research on bio-based building materials and their applications(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-08) Bourbia, S.; Kazeoui, H.; Belarbi, R.Bio-based materials represent a promising alternative in building envelope applications, with the aim of improving in-use energy efficiency. They have the advantage of being renewable, low embodied energy and CO2 neutral or negative. In addition, they are excellent thermal regulators. This paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art of bio-based materials used in building construction and their applications. The materials outlined include hemp, wood, date palm wood, cork, alfa and straw. Through this literature study we want to get a broad overview of the current state of theoretical and experimental studies of their hygrothermal characteristics and their thermal and energy performances. The aim is not to be exhaustive but to summarise the most important research results on these materials. This is the first part of a research work that deals with the contribution to the development of a new bio-based construction material to be used in building. © 2023, The Author(s).Item The Thermal and Mechanical Behaviour of Wood-PLA Composites Processed by Additive Manufacturing for Building Insulation(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-07) Bahar, Anis; Hamami, Ameur El Amine; Benmahiddine, Ferhat; Belhabib, Sofiane; Belarbi, Rafik; Guessasma, SofianeThis study was aimed at considering the potential of wood-based composites processed using additive manufacturing as insulators in the building sector. A polylactic acid blend with 30% wood particles was used as a feedstock material in fused filament technology. Its thermal and mechanical properties were determined for various processing conditions, including printing temperature and infill rate. The results showed a minor contraction in its tensile performance as a result of the printing process. The printing temperature had a negligible effect on its stiffness and a limited influence on the other engineering constants, such as the tensile strength and ultimate stress. The thermal properties of printed structures have been found to significantly depend on the infill rate. Although the tested 3D printed wood-PLA material exhibited good thermal properties, which were tuneable using the printing conditions, its performance was still 38% to 57% lower compared to insulators such as the glass wool of the synthetic foams used in the building sector. © 2023 by the authors.Item Acoustics of a traditional dwelling and music of Jordan(Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Vostoksibacademcenter, 2023) Alshurman, Ali Salem; Qaqish, RaedThe ancient culture of Jordan developed against the background of a peculiar climate and landscape, which determined the features of the traditional Jordanian dwelling. The design of the house and the choice of materials reveal a connection with the musical traditions of Jordan. The musical genre of folk song-story and the sound of folk musical instruments are supported by the sound–absorbing properties of traditional building materials – felt, woolen fabrics, adobe. The cave dwelling, also typical of Jordan, has not been studied enough from the point of view of acoustics. © 2023 Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Vostoksibacademcenter. All rights reserved.Item Hygrothermal and microstructural characterization of self-consolidating earth concrete (SCEC)(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-06-15) Kohandelnia, Mojtaba; Hosseinpoor, Masoud; Yahia, Ammar; Belarbi, RafikItem New insight on rheology of self-consolidating earth concrete (SCEC)(Powder Technology, 2023-06-15) Kohandelnia, Mojtaba; Hosseinpoor, Masoud; Yahia, Ammar; Belarbi, RafikItem Sustainable Buildings: A Choice, or a Must for Our Future?(MDPI, 2023-03) Khiati, Seif; Belarbi, Rafik; Yahia, AmmarItem Experimental assessment of the similarity law for a one-dimensional coupled heat and water vapor diffusion in hemp concrete(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-08-01) Charaka A.; Berger J.; Benmahiddine F.; Belarbi R.Item Investigation of eco-friendly and economic shape-stabilized composites for building walls and thermal comfort(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-03-01) Sawadogo, Mohamed; Godin, Alexandre; Duquesne, Marie; Lacroix, Elodie; Veillère, Amélie; Hamami, Ameur El Amine; Belarbi, RafikItem Multiscale investigation of self-consolidating earthen materials using a novel concrete-equivalent mortar approach(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-03-17) Kohandelnia, Mojtaba; Hosseinpoor, Masoud; Yahia, Ammar; Belarbi, RafikItem Proper Generalized Decomposition using Taylor expansion for non-linear diffusion equations(Elsevier B.V., 2023-06) Deeb, Ahmad; Kalaoun, Omar; Belarbi, RafikItem Virtual reality for lost architectural heritage visualization utilizing limited data(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2/25/2022) Gunay, SerkanThe process of building digital models of architectural heritage has become increasingly complex and accordingly this enables the potential of utilizing digital techniques as a tool in the context of research. Depending on the objective of the research, there are various tools and outcomes. Ranging from information management projects by using Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technologies, to providing Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) by using smart technologies for visualization of architectural heritage, there is an increasing demand because of their fast developing technological abilities. Additionally, the digitization processes also becoming less dependent to the information coming from the building and as a result the subject of such research includes buildings that have disappeared without various archival data or other types of historical information. This paper investigates the different visualization techniques and tools for lost architectural heritage examples in postconflict societies with limited available data, focusing on the VR mobile applications and their implementations. © 2022 Author(s).Item Clustering Countries According to Their Cultural Proximity and Similarity(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2017) Dankert, Angelika C.; Dekkiche, Hamoud; Baadel, Said; Kabene, Stefane M.Clustering countries mathematically according to Geert Hofstede’s cultural proximity and similarity factors is one way of classifying regional communities into well-defined cultural categories. Trying to test this statement mathematically shows that classifying countries or cultures remains complex. The approach shows a lack of an overall scheme and even when common variables exist, it seems that random and coincidental similarity weighs strongly on most variables used in the model. The results emphasize the need for more research in order to support the model. © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.Item Cognitive Computational Model Using Machine Learning Algorithm in Artificial Intelligence Environment(Sciendo, 2022) Liu, Shangyi; Spiridonidis, Constantin-Viktor; Abdulrazzqa, Mohammed; Liu, Shangyi; Spiridonidis, Constantin-Viktor; Abdulrazzqa, MohammedIn order to explore the application of machine learning algorithm to intelligent analysis of big data in an artificial intelligence (AI) environment, make cognitive computing meet the requirements of AI and better assist humans to carry out data analysis, first, the theoretical basis of machine learning algorithm is elaborated. Then, a cognitive computational model based on the machine learning algorithm is proposed, including the essence, principle, function, training method of deep belief network (DBN) algorithm, as well as the joint use of DBN algorithm and multilayer perceptron. Finally, the proposed algorithm is simulated. The results show that under the same parameter conditions, the accuracy rate of the DBN algorithm combined with multilayer perceptron is higher than that of the DBN algorithm; when the number of units is >40, the accuracy rate of the DBN algorithm combined with multilayer perceptron is significantly higher than that of the DBN algorithm; when the number of units is 30, the best effect can be obtained, and the error rate is <0.05, but the DBN algorithm cannot achieve this effect alone; when the number of network layers is specified as four, the error rate of the DBN algorithm combined with multilayer perceptron is <0.05, forming the optimal level. In the AI environment, the performance of the cognitive computational model based on the DBN algorithm and multilayer perceptron can reach the highest level, which makes the computer become a handy intelligent auxiliary tool for human beings. © 2021 Liu et al., published by Sciendo.Item Research on online advertising attention evaluation decision based on the stability of delay differential equations and Hopf bifurcation analysis(American Institute of Mathematical Sciences, 2021) Xie, Xinzhou; Wang, Zhongru; Tian, Li; Dekkiche, Hamoud; Salama, MohamadThis paper uses the stability of the delay differential equation to study its impact on online advertising, helps analyze Hopf branch characteristics in a big data environment, helps companies make online advertising decisions, and maximizes the benefits of product sales. The thesis fully considers various factors such as advertising volume, advertising schedule, and advertising investment level, discusses the singularity types of the advertising delay differential equation, and gives the best decision for advertising investment.The stability of the time-lag differential equation studied in this paper is to study its impact on online advertising, to help analyze the Hopf branch characteristics in the big data environment, and to help companies make online advertising decisions. structure of this article is also from the amount of advertising, the time of advertising, Advertising investment level gradually expands with a certain degree of continuity. © 2021 American Institute of Mathematical Sciences. All rights reserved.Item Geometries(Lifelong Learning EU, 2/1/2019) Spiridonidis, Constantin VictorGeometry as a discipline related to forms and their order, in the intellectual tectonics of Architecture? What is its contribution, its position? Does Geometry affect this 'archi-tecture' by enriching its contents with notions and meanings or, on the contrary, does it affect it by eliminating or restricting its potential formal configurations? Is this diachronic symbiosis with Architecture dynamic, inspirational, instrumental, deliberative, imposing? Does Geometry act as a framework to create an enclosure or does it constitute an escape room from the ordinary, the established, the regular, the 'out of the comfort zone', and to investigate in freedom the new normal, the innovative, the original or, at least, the different and the better? Architecture is addressed to Geometry with entirely different demands in time. We could, therefore, suggest that there are many versions of Geometry affiliated with architecture, that is to say, many Geometries. This essay examines the role of Geometry in architectural thinking and practice in three major periods of architectural development. The first is the period in which the focal point of architectural thinking is the cosmic and the divine, (from the antiquity till about the 13th Century) where Geometry is that of the Master Builder. The second is the era of humanism, where the central preoccupation of Architecture is the human (from the Renaissance to the late 20th Century), and Geometry is that of visual perception. The third is the emerging era of the post-human, where the main focus of Architecture becomes 'Gaia,' the Planet as an alive ecology that emerges from the symbiosis between the natural and the artificial, and Geometry is that of data. © 2019 Lifelong Learning EU.Item Architectural Interregnums(Lifelong Learning EU, 2020-02) Spiridonidis, Constantin Victor; Vogiatzaki, MariaArchitectural design has always been the laboratory where experimentation with ideas about the newness, and elaboration of forms and spatial arrangements take place towards architectural creations. Prefixes such as post-, de-, re-, neo-, appear as typical signifiers of the spirit of novelty representing the different shifts that shape the history of architecture and could be broadly summarized by the term ‘meta’. Even if ‘meta’ is a kind of ontological reference to newness, implying its definition with what preceded, it always remains polysemic and, for this reason, ambivalent. Design is acting between the existing and the (be)coming, the established and the expected, the familiar and the xenon, the antipathy and the empathy. It is driven by the quest for a ‘meta’, known (or not) that since its appearance, it will lose its newness and will become commonplace. What type of novelty does it put forward through its creations in the contemporary interregnum? What are the primary formal or material traits that can attribute that identity to the new that can clearly distinguish it from the old? The paradox we are confronted with nowadays is that despite the unprecedentedly fast pace of changes happening in the sphere of the intellect, the sciences, technology, and the geopolitics of the globalized world, there are no apparent signs of novelty in contemporary architectural production. © 2020,ArchiDOCT All Rights RecervedsItem Evaluation of Decay on Historic Masonry Building Facades, Case Study; Deira and Bur Dubai(International Masonry Society, 2014) Gunay, SerkanAs being one of the seven emirates that forms the United Arab Emirates since the year 1971, history of human settlements in the Arabian Peninsula dates back to mid 2000 BC. Apart from the archeological sites and tombs, starting from the 1800s, earliest settlements of the town of Dubai start to establish at the shorelines of the Gulf Region. Bur Dubai and Deira are the areas that you can still find the edifices from these times. Being a port town, Dubai starts to expand through Dubai Creek as the trade between Iran and sub-continent India improves during the early 1900s. Most of the remaining historic buildings were built during this period as residences of merchant families. These traditional residential buildings [1], mostly built with locally available coral stone, still sets a good example of such architecture with their courtyards, “Majlis” areas, Barjeels (wind tower) and gypsum decorated gates. Dubai Municipality Architectural Heritage Department has been restoring these historic buildings since the year 1991. Although the buildings relatively newly renovated, material decay on the facades are visible and needs sustainable maintenance. This paper aims to document and evaluate the material decay on historic building facades in Deira and Bur Dubai region of Dubai, based on the site studies during 2011 and 2012.Item Children's cognitive perception of their neighborhood : reading the cognitive maps of children from Al-Wihdat Palestinian Refugee Camp in Amman, Jordan(University of Akron, 2018) Al-Khalaileh, EyyadIn urban spaces, children constitute a major segment of those growing up there, and children illustrate their ideas on the cities they live in, how they perceive their neighborhoods as users of the urban environment. Their drawings can be seen as and interpreted as cognitive maps, and can serve as an important source for today's urban designers, architects, educators, and government officials. The cognitive maps of children are not only some visual productions but are also imbued with the realties and objects of everyday life, like an organically designed textile. There is a relative lack of studies on the children's relationship with their particular urban space and its range of elements. This study seeks in part to address that knowledge gap. Although reading cognitive drawings is, in fact, a psychological subject, as they contain cognitive perception of the space they engage with and are related to the external world, they are particularly of interest for the planners and designers creating and seeking to change and better that environment. Based on what the drawings display, what needs that human-focused urban design suggests as reflected in children's cognitie mapping will be interpreted in the scope of this study. The material for this research has been extracted from my 2004 doctoral dissertation and constitutes one of a series of four related papers in progress discussing children's outdoor environment using four different methodological approaches. This paper investigates and seeks to interpret the drawings of their environment by a selected number of students 10-14 years old from Al-Whidat Palestinian refugee camp in Amman, Jordan, their cognitive perception of that living environment and the unhealthy chaotic aspects of the city. © 2018 Geo Publishing, Toronto Canada.