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Item A Predictive Model to Diagnose Psychophysiological Insomnia with Daytime Hyperarousal and Nighttime Micro–Macro-Structures Correlation(Springer, 2023) Ghermezian, Ali; Nami, Mohammad; Shalbaf, Reza; Khosrowabadi, Reza; Nasehi, MohammadItem A systematic review on machine learning and deep learning techniques in the effective diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-12) Arya, Akhilesh Deep; Verma, Sourabh Singh; Chakarabarti, Prasun; Chakrabarti, Tulika; Elngar, Ahmed A.; Kamali, Ali-Mohammad; Nami, MohammadAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a brain-related disease in which the condition of the patient gets worse with time. AD is not a curable disease by any medication. It is impossible to halt the death of brain cells, but with the help of medication, the effects of AD can be delayed. As not all MCI patients will suffer from AD, it is required to accurately diagnose whether a mild cognitive impaired (MCI) patient will convert to AD (namely MCI converter MCI-C) or not (namely MCI non-converter MCI-NC), during early diagnosis. There are two modalities, positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance image (MRI), used by a physician for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Machine learning and deep learning perform exceptionally well in the field of computer vision where there is a requirement to extract information from high-dimensional data. Researchers use deep learning models in the field of medicine for diagnosis, prognosis, and even to predict the future health of the patient under medication. This study is a systematic review of publications using machine learning and deep learning methods for early classification of normal cognitive (NC) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).This study is an effort to provide the details of the two most commonly used modalities PET and MRI for the identification of AD, and to evaluate the performance of both modalities while working with different classifiers. © 2023, The Author(s).Item Analysis on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus infection combined with atrial fibrillation under digital model detection(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Tao, Lin; Yi, Yinping; Shan, Yu; Yu, Dan; Zhang, Jing; Qu, Yongsheng; Qin, Qingzhu; Pei, Yongju; Zhang, Hongmei; Chen, Xiongbiao; Kaddouri, Meriem; Omar, Khairi MohamedTo heighten the diagnostic efficiency, in this study, the algebraic reconstruction technology (ART)-based echocardiography (ECG) was used to analyze severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) complicated by atrial fibrillation. From Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2019, 200 elderly patients with SFTSV infection and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) admitted to our hospital were selected as the observation group, and 20 healthy volunteers were in the control group. Then 200 patients were randomly divided into two groups with 100 people in each group. One group received routine clinical observation after surgery, and the other group received artificial intelligence atrial fibrillation monitoring. ECG displayed the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end diastolic volume index (EDVI), and end systolic volume index (ESVI) of patients. The accuracy and satisfaction of different methods in observation were recorded. The risk factors of postoperative atrial fibrillation in elderly patients with HCM were evaluated, and changes in their white blood cell levels were detected. The results showed that, there was a significant difference in ECG between normal people and patients after surgery. Also, differences were noted in accuracy and satisfaction of the two methods in observation group (P < 0.05). The atrial fibrillation group and the non-atrial fibrillation group showed notable differences in smoking history and age (P < 0.05); the white blood cell content of the atrial fibrillation group was 8.64 × 109, and that in non-atrial fibrillation group was 3.25 × 109. The content of ST-2 in postoperative atrial fibrillation group was 21.3 g/mL, and the content of Gal-3 was 9.57 g/mL, while the content of ST-2 in non-atrial fibrillation group was 17.24 g/mL, and the content of Gal-3 was 5.21 g/mL. There was no significant difference in LVEF, LVMI, EDVI, ESVI between postoperative atrial fibrillation and the non-atrial fibrillation group. In summary, ECG can effectively detect HCM, and the digital model demonstrated superb capabilities in monitoring atrial fibrillation after cardiac sympathetic block. The atrial fibrillation group showed a higher level of white blood cells after surgery and was more likely to develop SFTSV infection. Measures should be taken to prevent infection. © 2021 The AuthorsItem Beyond Us: Building Collective Wellbeing(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01) Lambert, Louise; Warren, Meg A.; Waldrop, Rachael J.; Subaiei, Sabrina Al; Eubanks, Alecia; Fisher, Jen L.The mission of positive psychology is to explore and build wellbeing in the lives of individuals the world over; however, like all theoretical frameworks, its evolution propels researchers and practitioners into increasingly complex issues. Developments in the field promote a broader view on wellbeing, focusing on culture, religion, social interactions and climate action. Global issues have encouraged the need for a systemic view of wellbeing that is beyond the remit of individuals and extends to organizations, governments and societies alike. In short, the time has come for a global, contextual and systemic understanding of wellbeing. Here, we address the development of these frameworks and three emerging areas as examples of their utility; namely, climate change, egalitarianism as an aid to intergroup relations, and the need for purposeful non-Western views of wellbeing. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022, corrected publication 2022Item Big data-based grey forecast mathematical model to evaluate the effect of Escherichia coli infection on patients with lupus nephritis(Elsevier B.V., 2021-07) Fan, Maoxiao; Gu, Shuaishuai; Jin, Yansheng; Ding, Lan; Ghonaem, Eman; Arbab, Ahmed Mohamed HamadThe grey predictive mathematical model based on big data was used for analysis on the effect of Escherichia coli infection on patients with lupus nephritis (LN) in this study. Then, 156 patients diagnosed with LN infections by Wuzhong People's Hospital's information system (HIS) from October 30, 2017 to October 30, 2019 were selected as the experimental group, and 89 patients without LN infections were selected as the control group. Besides, the grey theory mathematical model was applied to process the integrated data, and feature analysis was employed to screen out disease-related bio-markers for the diagnosis of LN. The two groups were compared for affected organs, treatment, laboratory indicators, pathogenic bacteria, and recovery status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of patients with infections. The results showed that the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of the big data diagnosis based on the grey theory mathematical model were 78.9%, 87.6%, and 92.1, respectively; hormones, c-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and the daily antibiotic dose were positively correlated with concurrent infections (P < 0.05); 38 cases of Gram-negative bacteria were screened out, accounting for the largest proportion (37.18%); the effective rate of the experimental group was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), suggesting that C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), antibiotics, daily dose of hormones, and serum albumin were independent risk factors for LN infection. In conclusion, the grey predictive mathematical model based on big data had high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in diagnosing the occurrence of infection in patients with LN; LN infection was mainly respiratory infection, and gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogen. Patients with LN infections showed higher serum creatinine, 24-hour urine protein quantification, CRP, and PCT, and lower serum albumin and recovery effect versus those without LN infections. © 2021 The Author(s)Item Bioethics: A look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2019) Kabene, Stefane; Baadel, SaidUsing animals for cosmetics and medical tests has contributed towards a debate based on conflicting interests. Despite the efforts in justifying the value of animals in conducting analyses, this study seeks to elaborate whether or not it is rational to use animals as test subjects in medical and cosmetics fields. The value of animal life is at the core of the emotional conflicts that arise when animals become experimental subjects in medical and cosmetics fields. The aim of this study is to determine if there are ethical differences in the use of animal testing in medicine versus cosmetics. The research, through review and content analysis of the existing literature, compares and provides the outcomes of using animals in medical and cosmetics tests by examining studies conducted in the UK. The findings of this research indicated that animal testing is considered acceptable in the medical field only if there are no other alternatives, but is completely unacceptable in the cosmetics field. The study also provides recommendations in the form of alternatives that protect animals from cruelty and may benefit the different stakeholders and the society at large. © 2019 Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.Item Boosting Student Wellbeing Despite a Pandemic: Positive Psychology Interventions and the Impact of Sleep in the United Arab Emirates(Springer Nature, 2022-12) Lambert L.; Joshanloo M.; Marquez J.M.; Cody B.; Arora T.; Warren M.; Aguilar L.; Samways M.; Teasel S.Item Correlation between HPV infection and ovarian epithelial cancer diagnosed by Dynamic Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging information technology under exponential distribution mathematical model(Elsevier B.V., 2021-07) Liang, Bo; He, Han; Zeng, Lingyu; Pan, Min; Huang, Tingting; Wang, Xinmin; Kabene, Stefane Mostefa; Arbab, Ahmed Mohamed HamadThis research aims to analyze the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and ovarian epithelial cancer based on exponential distribution mathematical model, so as to provide an experimental basis for the early diagnosis of ovarian epithelial cancer by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the future. In this study, 124 patients with ovarian epithelial cancer tissues pathologically confirmed in our hospital from March 31, 2017 to February 20, 2019 were selected as the experimental group, and 64 patients with normal ovarian tissues were selected as the control group, and the positive rate of HPV infection was detected by the computer cell test (CCT) system. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was constructed and adopted to analyze the scanning images. The correlation between HPV infection and pathological type, clinical stage, tissue differentiation degree, and CA125 in serum was studied by exponential distribution mathematical model. The results showed that the positive rate of HPV infection in the ovarian tissues of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Highly differentiated patients accounted for 25.97%, moderately differentiated patients accounted for 43.81%, and lowly differentiated patients accounted for 30.22%. Patients with clinical stage I-II accounted for 24.72%, patients with stage III accounted for 49.11%, and patients with stage IV accounted for 26.17%. HPV infection was significantly correlated with clinical stage III and moderate tissue differentiation by MRI of patients (P < 0.05), and extremely significantly correlated with clinical stage IV and low tissue differentiation by MRI (P < 0.001). The above findings show that the information technology of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can clearly display the lesion metastasis of ovarian epithelial cancer patients with high soft tissue resolution. © 2021 The Author(s)Item Dissociative Identity Disorder and the Law: Guilty or Not Guilty?(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-08-09) Kabene, Stefane M.; Balkir Neftci, Nazli; Papatzikis, EfthymiosDissociative identity disorder (DID) is a dissociative disorder that gained a significant rise in the past few decades. There has been less than 50 DID cases recorded between 1922 and 1972, while 20,000 cases are recorded by 1990. Therefore, it becomes of great significant to assess the various concepts related to DID to further understand the disorder. The current review has a goal of understanding whether an individual suffering from DID is legally responsible for the committed crime, and whether or not he or she can be considered competent to stand trial. These two questions are to be raised in understanding DID, by first shedding a light on the nature of the disorder and second by examining the past legal case examples. Despite the very nature of the disorder is characterized by dissociative amnesia and the fact that the host personality may have limited or no contact with the alters, there is no consensus within the legal system whether the DID patients should be responsible for their actions. Further to that, courts generally deny the insanity claims for DID suffering patients. In conclusion, more studies in the field are suggested to incorporate primary data into research, as the extensive reliance on secondary data forces us to believe the conclusions that were previously made, and no opportunity to verify those conclusions is present. Copyright © 2022 Kabene, Balkir Neftci and Papatzikis.Item Effects of positive psychology interventions in Arab countries: a protocol for a systematic review(BMJ Publishing Group, 2021-07-29) Basurrah, Asma; Lambert, Louise; Setti, Annalisa; Murphy, Mike; Warren, Meg; Shrestha, Topaz; di Blasi, ZeldaIntroduction Despite the growing volume of published studies on the effects of positive psychology interventions (PPIs), little is known about their effectiveness outside of Western countries, particularly in Arab countries. As the effectiveness of PPIs in this region remains unclear, a systematic review focusing on this area of research can offer a valuable contribution. Here, we present a protocol for the first systematic review that aims to examine the effects of PPIs on increasing well-being, quality of life and resilience and decreasing depression, anxiety and stress for both health and clinical, child and adult populations in Arab countries. Methods and analysis This protocol is carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. A systematic literature search for studies up to 30 April 2021 will be conducted in the following electronic databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Dar Al Mandumah and Al Manhal. Experimental/quasi-experimental quantitative studies evaluating the effects of PPIs on healthy and clinical participants of all ages in the 22 Arab countries will be included. Outcomes will include psychological effects of PPIs on dimensions related to well-being (eg, happiness), quality of life, resilience, depression, anxiety and stress. The risk of bias will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A narrative synthesis with tables of study characteristics will be provided. A meta-analysis will be included if outcomes allow; in this instance, subgroups analysis will be conducted, depending on the data gathered, to examine differences in effect sizes based on age group, population type, duration of intervention and type of intervention. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was not required for the performance of this systematic review. We intend to publish the study in a peer-reviewed journal and share the findings at relevant conferences. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020198092. ©Item Evaluating cognitive impairment in the early stages of Parkinson's disease using the Cambridge brain sciences-cognitive platform(Elsevier B.V., 2023-09) Hosseini, Maryam; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin; Petramfar, Peyman; Foroughi, Amin Abolhasani; Ostovan, Vahid Reza; Nami, MohammadItem Foundational frameworks of positive psychology : mapping well-being orientations(Canadian Psychological Association, 2015) Lambert, Louise; Passmore, Holli-Anne; Holder, Mark D.The scientific study of well-being has been strongly influenced by ideas from a number of related fields, including different areas of psychology. Two major philosophical traditions-hedonia and eudaimonia-underscore much of our current understanding of well-being, and are reflected across early and contemporary psychological theories of well-being. These traditions help delineate the various conceptualisations of well-being and its components; moreover, these traditions influence which research questions are asked, and where and how answers are sought. This has resulted in a plethora of categories and terms referring to similar, yet distinct, concepts such as: well-being, happiness, optimal or positive experiences, life satisfaction, and flourishing. Given the difficulties of distinguishing these concepts, this article aims to provide clarity by delineating the major orientations in positive psychology. We provide a "road-map" to theories and models of well-being found within positive psychology, thereby providing a starting a point from which an integrative framework of theories and models of well-being can be developed. To that end, also included in this review is a selection of well-being models that lie beyond the traditional frameworks. We conclude with a consideration of several criticisms that have been directed at positive psychology, and provide recommendations for future directions. © 2015 Canadian Psychological Association.Item Geographic, Socio-Demographic and School Type Variation in Adolescent Wellbeing and Mental Health and Links with Academic Competence in the United Arab Emirates(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) Marquez, Jose; Lambert, Louise; Cutts, MeganInterest in adolescents’ wellbeing and mental health is growing worldwide, but little research in this area has been conducted in certain world regions and countries such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Geographic, socio-demographic and school type differences in adolescent wellbeing and mental health are commonly observed in the field, and the UAE is a diverse country where these types of differences have been found for other outcomes (notably, academic). Yet, no prior national study has explored these differences in terms of wellbeing and mental health in the nation. We address this gap by investigating differences across emirates, gender, socio-economic status, immigrant status, school sector and school curriculum for overall life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, meaning and purpose in life, and internalizing difficulties. We use linear regression to analyse cross-sectional data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study from 2015 and 2018. We find substantial geographic, socio-demographic and school type differences in levels (2018) of wellbeing and mental health -which vary across distinct domains- and declines (2015–2018) of wellbeing. Better wellbeing and mental health are observed in the northern emirates and among boys. Better wellbeing and poorer mental health are observed among nationals (compared to expatriates) and in public schools (compared to private schools). Despite presenting the best academic outcomes, British schools present the worst wellbeing and mental health outcomes. However, results show the absence of a trade-off between academic competence and wellbeing and mental health, with evidence of a small positive association with wellbeing. © 2022, The Author(s).Item Impact of leadership style on sustainable innovation(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd., 2019) Kabene, Stefane; Baadel, Said; Attou, RafikIn a rapidly changing environment, innovation is essential in maintaining long-term survival of public and private organisations. The following paper used quantitative research with the aim of understanding the impact of global innovation index variables have on innovation in 64 countries. Single regression analysis was used to find correlations between global innovation index (II) and other indices such as government effectiveness index (GEI), gender inequality index (GII), cultural diversity index (CDI) among others in order to understand how the above variables affected and influence innovation in studied countries. Our study provides a concise explanation of the intricate relationship between transformational leadership and its impacts on innovative, modernised organisational culture, trickling down the hierarchal pyramid to both public and private sectors. This research will benefit the business community, governments, and different stakeholders to understanding what variables and leadership types are most effective and associative with innovation. Copyright © 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.Item Key challenges and future directions when running auditory brainstem response (Abr) research protocols with newborns: A music and language eeg feasibility study(MDPI, 2021-12) Papatzikis, Efthymios; Elhalik, Mahmoud; Inocencio, Shannaiah Aubrey Mae; Agapaki, Maria; Selvan, Rosari Naveena; Muhammed, Faseela Shejeed; Haroon, Nazreen Abdulla; Dash, Swarup Kumar; Sofologi, Maria; Bezoni, AntoniaAlthough many musical intervention studies exist in the wider framework of neuroscience and psychology, the preliminary importance of feasibility studies is rarely discussed. Adding to this fact the limited research existing on the therapeutic and restorative potential of music exposure during early developmental periods, pushed us to concentrate on investigating newborns’ perception of music and its impact on the brain. Here, we explore the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) approach when measuring and comparing the neurophysiological perception of music versus language on the brainstem of newborns using auditory brainstem response (ABR). Twenty-five healthy full-term infants were recruited, eight of which were measured within their first 10 days postpartum. The evaluation of the study’s feasibility appealed to five main objectives that essentially answer the question: Can our protocol work? Each objective proposes questions based on Orsmond and Cohn’s guiding framework, designed to assess, and assist feasibility in understanding barriers toward a study’s success. Our results justify that newborns are well capable of undergoing the study and given meticulous considerations and improvements on the intervention resources. The procedure’s communication and technical obstacles are resoluble. Moreover, assimilation of external factors to adapt, such as the culture variation and the ABR protocol implementation are necessary. The study was well received in the selected region (Middle East), and the recording procedure showed potential outcomes for a comprehensive RCT. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Item Made in the UAE : an indigenous positive psychology for the United Arab Emirates(Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) Lambert, Louise; Pasha-Zaidi, NausheenPositive psychology focuses on the creation of positive emotions and positive experiences in the lives of individuals, groups, and societies. It examines the positive aspects of people’s lives and its research aims are to study the reasons for individuals and groups to excel. The founders, Martin Seligman and Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi (2000), argue that traditional psychologists ignore people who want to be happy if they don’t have a mental disorder. As such, although the psychologist’s goal is to help, they often just help individuals to better cope with misery. In other words, they argue that mainstream psychologists have been so programmed to see only what is wrong with a person that when someone doesn’t necessarily have any sort of pathology but wants to simply improve his or her life, psychologists have nothing to say. Clients such as these end up feeling disappointed in therapy—and often grow worse—as they are not given the skills to move forward.Item Mitigating the Impact of the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic on Neuroscience and Music Research Protocols in Clinical Populations(Frontiers Media S.A., 2020-08-28) Papatzikis, Efthymios; Zeba, Fathima; Särkämö, Teppo; Ramirez, Rafael; Grau-Sánchez, Jennifer; Tervaniemi, Mari; Loewy, JoanneThe COVID-19 disease and the systemic responses to it has impacted lives, routines and procedures at an unprecedented level. While medical care and emergency response present immediate needs, the implications of this pandemic will likely be far-reaching. Most practices that the clinical research within neuroscience and music field rely on, take place in hospitals or closely connected clinical settings which have been hit hard by the contamination. So too have its preventive and treatment measures. This means that clinical research protocols may have been altered, postponed or put in complete jeopardy. In this context, we would like to present and discuss the problems arising under the current crisis. We do so by critically approaching an online discussion facilitated by an expert panel in the field of music and neuroscience. This effort is hoped to provide an efficient basis to orient ourselves as we begin to map the needs and elements in this field of research as we further propose ideas and solutions on how to overcome, or at least ease the problems and questions we encounter or will encounter, with foresight. Among others, we hope to answer questions on technical or social problems that can be expected, possible solutions and preparatory steps to take in order to improve or ease research implementation, ethical implications and funding considerations. Finally, we further hope to facilitate the process of creating new protocols in order to minimize the impact of this crisis on essential research which may have the potential to relieve health systems. © Copyright © 2020 Papatzikis, Zeba, Särkämö, Ramirez, Grau-Sánchez, Tervaniemi and Loewy.Item PDCA cycle theory based avoidance of nursing staff intravenous drug bacterial infection using degree quantitative evaluation model(Elsevier B.V., 2021-07) Jiang, Lina; Sun, Xiaofeng; Kabene, Stefane Mostefa; Abo Keir, Mohammed YousufThe purpose is to explore the positive role of PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) cycle theory in the hospital information management system to avoid intravenous drug bacterial infection of nursing staff based 360-degree quantitative evaluation model. The research focus is to promote the rational application of intravenous drugs among nursing staff, and the application data of intravenous drug among nursing staff under the same background and different management schemes are selected as the research objects, which are divided into the PDCA cycle theory pre-intervention group and post-intervention group. Through the statistical comparison of the error data of medical advice and nursing work, the role of PDCA circulation theory intervention in promoting the rational application of intravenous drugs in nursing staff is analyzed. The work performance of nursing staff is managed through the application of 360-degree quantitative evaluation model. The results show that after the one-year PDCA cycle theoretical intervention, both the number of unreasonable medical advice and the rate of unreasonable medical advice show a decreasing trend, the rate of correction of medical advice of nursing staff increases from 54.5% to 87.8%, the overall incidence of nursing errors significantly decreases, and the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among them, nursing errors mainly referred to the situation of intravenous drug bacterial infection. Meanwhile, it is found that after the intervention of PDCA cycle theory, the working time of each link of nursing staff is significantly shortened and the working efficiency is significantly improved. The introduction of 360-degree evaluation thinking and quantitative evaluation theory and the construction of 360-degree quantitative evaluation model can evaluate the nursing performance scientifically. © 2021 The Author(s)Item A positive psychology intervention program in a culturally-diverse university : boosting happiness and reducing fear(Springer Netherlands, 2019-04-15) Lambert, Louise; Passmore, Holli-Anne; Joshanloo, MohsenWhile developing excellence in knowledge and skills, academic institutions have often overlooked their obligation to instill wellbeing. To address this, we introduced a 14-week positive psychology intervention (PPI) program (Happiness 101) to university students from 39 different nations studying in the United Arab Emirates (N = 159). Students were exposed to 18 different PPIs. Pre, post, and 3-month-post measures were taken assessing hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and beliefs regarding the fear and fragility of happiness. At the end of the semester, relative to a control group (N = 108), participants exposed to the Happiness 101 program reported higher levels of both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and lower levels of fear of happiness and the belief that happiness is fragile. Boosts in life satisfaction and net-positive affect, and reduction of fear of happiness and the belief that happiness is fragile were maintained in the Happiness 101 group 3 months post-intervention. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.Item Positive psychology interventions in the United Arab Emirates: boosting wellbeing – and changing culture?(Springer, 2021) Lambert, Louise; Warren, Meg A.; Schwam, Allison; Warren, Michael T.