Browsing by Author "Washif, Jad Adrian"
Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item COVID-19 Home Confinement Negatively Impacts Social Participation and Life Satisfaction: A Worldwide Multicenter Study(MDPI, 2020) Ammar, Achraf; Chtourou, Hamdi; Boukhris, Omar; Trabelsi, Khaled; Masmoudi, Liwa; Brach, Michael; Bouaziz, Bassem; Bentlage, Ellen; How, Daniella; Ahmed, Mona; Müller, Patrick; Müller, Notger; Hsouna, Hsen; Aloui, Asma; Hammouda, Omar; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Braakman-Jansen, Annemarie; Wrede, Christian; Bastoni, Sofia; Pernambuco, Carlos Soares; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Taheri, Morteza; Irandoust, Khadijeh; Khacharem, Aïmen; Bragazzi, Nicola L.; Strahler, Jana; Washif, Jad Adrian; Andreeva, Albina; Khoshnami, Samira C.; Samara, Evangelia; Zisi, Vasiliki; Sankar, Parasanth; Ahmed, Waseem N.; Romdhani, Mohamed; Delhey, Jan; Bailey, Stephen J.; Bott, Nicholas T.; Gargouri, Faiez; Chaari, Lotfi; Batatia, Hadj; Ali, Gamal Mohamed; Abdelkarim, Osama; Jarraya, Mohamed J; Abed, Kais El; Souissi, Nizar; Gemert-Pijnen, Lisette Van; Riemann, Bryan L.; Riemann, Laurel; Moalla, Wassim; Gómez-Raja, Jonathan; Epstein, Monique; Sanderman, Robbert; Schulz, Sebastian; Jerg, Achim; Al-Horani, Ramzi; Mansi, Taiysir; Jmail, Mohamed; Barbosa, Fernando; Ferreira-Santos, Fernando; Šimunič, Boštjan; Pišot, Rado; Pišot, Saša; Gaggioli, Andrea; Zmijewski, Piotr; Apfelbacher, Christian; Steinacker, Jürgen; Saad, Helmi Ben; Glenn, Jordan M.; Chamari, Karim; Driss, Tarak; Hoekelmann, Anita; ECLB-COVID19 ConsortiumPublic health recommendations and governmental measures during the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have enforced numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation, and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to mitigate spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on psychosocial health is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020 to elucidate the behavioral and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the preliminary results from more than one thousand responders on social participation and life satisfaction. Methods: Thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western Asia, and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, in 7 languages (English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, and Slovenian). Questions were presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “before” and “during” confinement conditions. Results: 1047 participations (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%), and others (3%) were included in the analysis. Findings revealed psychosocial strain during the enforced COVID-19 home confinement. Large decreases (p < 0.001) in the amount of social activity through family (−58%), friends/neighbors (−44.9%), or entertainment (−46.7%) were triggered by the enforced confinement. These negative effects on social participation were also associated with lower life satisfaction (−30.5%) during the confinement period. Conversely, the social contact score through digital technologies significantly increased (p < 0.001) during the confinement period with more individuals (+24.8%) being socially connected through digital technology. Conclusion: These preliminary findings elucidate the risk of psychosocial strain during the early COVID-19 home confinement period in 2020. Therefore, in order to mitigate the negative psychosocial effects of home confinement, implementation of national strategies focused on promoting social inclusion through a technology-based solution is strongly suggested.Item COVID-19 Lockdown: A Global Study Investigating the Effect of Athletes' Sport Classification and Sex on Training Practices(Human Kinetics Publishers Inc., 2022-08) Washif, Jad Adrian; Sandbakk, Øyvind; Seiler, Stephen; Haugen, Thomas; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Quarrie, Ken; Janse van Rensburg, Dina C.; Krug, Isabel; Verhagen, Evert; Wong, Del P.; Mujika, Iñigo; Cortis, Cristina; Haddad, Monoem; Ahmadian, Omid; Jufaili, Mahmood Al; Al-Horani, Ramzi A.; Al-Mohannadi, Abdulla Saeed; Aloui, Asma; Ammar, Achraf; Arifi, Fitim; Aziz, Abdul Rashid; Batuev, Mikhail; Beaven, Christopher Martyn; Beneke, Ralph; Bici, Arben; Bishnoi, Pallawi; Bogwasi, Lone; Bok, Daniel; Boukhris, Omar; Boullosa, Daniel; Bragazzi, Nicola; Brito, Joao; Cartagena, Roxana Paola Palacios; Chaouachi, Anis; Cheung, Stephen S.; Chtourou, Hamdi; Cosma, Germina; Debevec, Tadej; DeLang, Matthew D.; Dellal, Alexandre; Dönmez, Gürhan; Driss, Tarak; Duque, Juan David Peña; Eirale, Cristiano; Elloumi, Mohamed; Foster, Carl; Franchini, Emerson; Fusco, Andrea; Galy, Olivier; Gastin, Paul B.; Gill, Nicholas; Girard, Olivier; Gregov, Cvita; Halson, Shona; Hammouda, Omar; Hanzlíková, Ivana; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Hébert-Losier, Kim; Helú, Hussein Muñoz; Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomás; Hettinga, Florentina J.; Holtzhausen, Louis; Hue, Olivier; Dello Iacono, Antonio; Ihalainen, Johanna K.; James, Carl; Joseph, Saju; Kamoun, Karim; Khaled, Mehdi; Khalladi, Karim; Kim, Kwang Joon; Kok, Lian-Yee; MacMillan, Lewis; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Matsunaga, Ryo; Memishi, Shpresa; Millet, Grégoire P.; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Musa, Danladi Ibrahim; Nguyen, Hoang Minh Thuan; Nikolaidis, Pantelis T.; Owen, Adam; Padulo, Johnny; Pagaduan, Jeffrey Cabayan; Perera, Nirmala Panagodage; Pillay, Lervasen; Popa, Arporn; Pudasaini, Avishkar; Rabbani, Alizera; Rahayu, Tandiyo; Romdhani, Mohamed; Pérez-Gómez, Jorge; Salamh, Paul; Sarkar, Abu-Sufian; Schillinger, Andy; Setyawati, Heny; Shrestha, Navina; Tabben, Montassar; Trabelsi, Khaled; Urhausen, Axel; Suraya, Fatona; Valtonen, Maarit; Weber, Johanna; Whiteley, Rodney; Zrane, Adel; Zerguini, Yacine; Zmijewski, Piotr; Saad, Helmi Ben; Pyne, David B.; Taylor, Lee; Chamari, KarimPurpose: To investigate differences in athletes' knowledge, beliefs, and training practices during COVID-19 lockdowns with reference to sport classification and sex. This work extends an initial descriptive evaluation focusing on athlete classification. Methods: Athletes (12,526; 66% male; 142 countries) completed an online survey (May-July 2020) assessing knowledge, beliefs, and practices toward training. Sports were classified as team sports (45%), endurance (20%), power/technical (10%), combat (9%), aquatic (6%), recreational (4%), racquet (3%), precision (2%), parasports (1%), and others (1%). Further analysis by sex was performed. Results: During lockdown, athletes practiced body-weight-based exercises routinely (67% females and 64% males), ranging from 50% (precision) to 78% (parasports). More sport-specific technical skills were performed in combat, parasports, and precision (∼50%) than other sports (∼35%). Most athletes (range: 50% [parasports] to 75% [endurance]) performed cardiorespiratory training (trivial sex differences). Compared to prelockdown, perceived training intensity was reduced by 29% to 41%, depending on sport (largest decline: ∼38% in team sports, unaffected by sex). Some athletes (range: 7%-49%) maintained their training intensity for strength, endurance, speed, plyometric, change-of-direction, and technical training. Athletes who previously trained ≥5 sessions per week reduced their volume (range: 18%-28%) during lockdown. The proportion of athletes (81%) training ≥60 min/session reduced by 31% to 43% during lockdown. Males and females had comparable moderate levels of training knowledge (56% vs 58%) and beliefs/attitudes (54% vs 56%). Conclusions: Changes in athletes' training practices were sport-specific, with few or no sex differences. Team-based sports were generally more susceptible to changes than individual sports. Policy makers should provide athletes with specific training arrangements and educational resources to facilitate remote and/or home-based training during lockdown-type events. © 2022 Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.. All rights reserved.Item COVID-19 Lockdowns: A Worldwide Survey of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Quality in 3911 Athletes from 49 Countries, with Data-Driven Recommendations(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-06) Romdhani, Mohamed; Rae, Dale E.; Nédélec, Mathieu; Ammar, Achraf; Chtourou, Hamdi; Al Horani, Ramzi; Ben Saad, Helmi; Bragazzi, Nicola; Dönmez, Gürhan; Driss, Tarak; Fullagar, Hugh H. K.; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Garbarino, Sergio; Hammouda, Omar; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Khalladi, Karim; Khemila, Syrine; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Mujika, Iñigo; Muñoz Helú, Hussein; Norouzi Fashkhami, Amin; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Rahbari Khaneghah, Mehrshad; Saita, Yoshitomo; Trabelsi, Khaled; Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Washif, Jad Adrian; Weber, Johanna; Souissi, Nizar; Taylor, Lee; Chamari, KarimObjective: In a convenience sample of athletes, we conducted a survey of COVID-19-mediated lockdown (termed ‘lockdown’ from this point forward) effects on: (i) circadian rhythms; (ii) sleep; (iii) eating; and (iv) training behaviors. Methods: In total, 3911 athletes [mean age: 25.1 (range 18–61) years, 1764 female (45%), 2427 team-sport (63%) and 1442 elite (37%) athletes] from 49 countries completed a multilingual cross-sectional survey including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index questionnaires, alongside bespoke questions about napping, training, and nutrition behaviors. Results: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (4.3 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1) and Insomnia Severity Index (4.8 ± 4.7 to 7.2 ± 6.4) scores increased from pre- to during lockdown (p < 0.001). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was predominantly influenced by sleep-onset latency (p < 0.001; + 29.8%), sleep efficiency (p < 0.001; − 21.1%), and total sleep time (p < 0.001; − 20.1%), whilst Insomnia Severity Index was affected by sleep-onset latency (p < 0.001; + 21.4%), bedtime (p < 0.001; + 9.4%), and eating after midnight (p < 0.001; + 9.1%). During lockdown, athletes reported fewer training sessions per week (− 29.1%; d = 0.99). Athletes went to bed (+ 75 min; 5.4%; d = 1.14) and woke up (+ 150 min; 34.5%; d = 1.71) later during lockdown with an increased total sleep time (+ 48 min; 10.6%; d = 0.83). Lockdown-mediated circadian disruption had more deleterious effects on the sleep quality of individual-sport athletes compared with team-sport athletes (p < 0.001; d = 0.41), elite compared with non-elite athletes (p = 0.028; d = 0.44) and older compared with younger (p = 0.008; d = 0.46) athletes. Conclusions: These lockdown-induced behavioral changes reduced sleep quality and increased insomnia in athletes. Data-driven and evidence-based recommendations to counter these include, but are not limited to: (i) early outdoor training; (ii) regular meal scheduling (whilst avoiding meals prior to bedtime and caffeine in the evening) with appropriate composition; (iii) regular bedtimes and wake-up times; and (iv) avoidance of long and/or late naps. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Effects of home confinement on physical activity, nutrition, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 outbreak in amateur and elite athletes(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Taheri, Morteza; Irandoust, Kadijeh; Reynoso-Sánchez, Luis Felipe; Muñoz-Helú, Hussein; Cruz-Morales, Karla Noelia; Torres-Ramírez, Raymundo; Mirmoezzi, Masoud; Youzbashi, Leila; Mirakhori, Fatemeh; Dergaa, Ismail; Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Zazueta-Beltrán, Diana Korinna; Zouhal, Hassane; Morales-Beltrán, Roxana Abril; Soylu, Yusuf; Molgado-Sifuentes, Amairani; González-Hernández, Juan; Hernández-Cruz, Germán; Castro, Luis Bernardo Bojorquez; Kurt, Cem; Trabelsi, Khaled; Chtourou, Hamdi; Seghatoleslami, Ali; López-Camacho, Manuel Octavio; Mendoza-Baldenebro, Ramón Ernesto; Torabi, Farnaz; Saad, Helmi Ben; Washif, Jad Adrian; Strahler, Jana; Guimarães-Mataruna, Andressa Fontes; Lebaron, Tyler W.; Ezdini, Ebrahim Shaabani; Rezaei, Marjan Sadat; Moshtagh, Mozhgan; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Gülü, Mehmet; Esmaeili, Atefeh; Müller, Patrick; Ammar, Achraf; Scoditti, Egeria; Garbarino, Sergio; Puce, Luca; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Nobari, HadiItem Globally altered sleep patterns and physical activity levels by confinement in 5056 individuals: ECLB COVID-19 international online survey(Institute of Sport, 2021) Trabelsi, Khaled; Ammar, Achraf; Masmoudi, Liwa; Boukhris, Omar; Chtourou, Hamdi; Bouaziz, Bassem; Brach, Michael; Bentlage, Ellen; How, Daniella; Ahmed, Mona; Mueller, Patrick; Mueller, Notger; Hsouna, Hsen; Romdhani, Mohamed; Hammouda, Omar; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Braakman-jansen, Annemarie; Wrede, Christian; Baston, Sophia; Pernambuco, Carlos Soares; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Taheri, Morteza; Irandoust, Khadijeh; Khacharem, Aïmen; Bragazzi, Nicola L; Strahle, Jana; Washif, Jad Adrian; Andreeva, Albina; Bailey, Stephen J; Acton, Jarred; Mitchell, Emma; Bot, Nicholas T; Gargouri, Faiez; Chaari, Lotfi; Batatia, Hadj; khoshnami, Samira C; Samara, Evangelia; Zisi, Vasiliki; Sankar, Parasanth; Ahmed, Waseem N; Ali, Gamal Mohamed; Abdelkarim, Osama; Jarray, Mohamed; Abed, Kais El; Moalla, Wassim; Souissi, Nafaa; Aloui, Asma; Souissi, Nizar; Gemert-Pijnen, Lisette Van; Riemann, Bryan L; Riemann, Laurel; Delhey, Jan; Gómez-Raja, Jonathan; Epstein, Monique; Sanderman, Robbert; Schulz, Sebastian; Jerg, Achim; Al-Horani, Ramzi; Mansi, Taysir; Dergaa, Ismail; Jmail, Mohamed; Barbosa, Fernando; Ferreira-Santos, Fernando; Šimunič, Boštjan; Pišot, Rado; Pišot, Saša; Gaggioli, Andrea; Steinacker, Jürgen; Zmijewski, Piotr; Clark, Cain C.T.; Apfelbacher, Christian; Glenn, Jordan M; Saad, Helmi Ben; Chamari, Karim; Driss, Tarak; Hoekelmann, AnitaSymptoms of psychological distress and disorder have been widely reported in people under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic; in addition to severe disruption of peoples’ daily activity and sleep patterns. This study investigates the association between physical-activity levels and sleep patterns in quarantined individuals. An international Google online survey was launched in April 6th, 2020 for 12-weeks. Forty-one research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia, and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, which was made available in 14 languages. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “before” and “during” the confinement period. Participants responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. 5056 replies (59.4% female), from Europe (46.4%), Western-Asia (25.4%), America (14.8%) and North-Africa (13.3%) were analysed. The COVID-19 home confinement led to impaired sleep quality, as evidenced by the increase in the global PSQI score (4.37 ± 2.71 before home confinement vs. 5.32 ± 3.23 during home confinement) (p < 0.001). The frequency of individuals experiencing a good sleep decreased from 61% (n = 3063) before home confinement to 48% (n = 2405) during home confinement with highly active individuals experienced better sleep quality (p < 0.001) in both conditions. Time spent engaged in all physical-activity and the metabolic equivalent of task in each physical-activity category (i.e., vigorous, moderate, walking) decreased significantly during COVID-19 home confinement (p < 0.001). The number of hours of daily-sitting increased by ~2 hours/days during home confinement (p < 0.001). COVID-19 home confinement resulted in significantly negative alterations in sleep patterns and physical-activity levels. To maintain health during home confinement, physical-activity promotion and sleep hygiene education and support are strongly warranted. © 2021 Institute of Sport. All rights reserved.Item Lockdown duration and training intensity affect sleep behavior in an international sample of 1454 elite athletes(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-06-15) Romdhani, Mohamed; Fullagar, Hugh H.K.; Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Nedelec, Mathieu; Rae, Dale Elisabeth; Ammar, Achraf; Chtourou, Hamdi; Al-horani, Ramzi A; BEN SAAD, Helmi; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Donmez, Gurhan; Dergaa, Ismail; DRISS, Tarak; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Hammouda, Omar; Harroum, Nesrine; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Khalladi, Karim; Khemila, Syrine; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Mujika, Iñigo; Helú, Hussein Muñoz; Fashkhami, Amin Norouzi; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Khaneghah, Mehrshad Rahbari; Saita, Yoshitomo; Souissi, Nizar; Trabelsi, Khaled; Washif, Jad Adrian; Weber, Johanna; Zmijewski, Piotr; Taylor, Lee; Garbarino, Sergio; Chamari, KarimObjective: To investigate the effect of (i) lockdown duration and (ii) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes. Methods: 1454 elite athletes (24.1±6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: (i) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); (ii) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about (iii) napping; and (iv) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping, and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage). Results: 15% spent < one month, 27% spent 1-2 months and 58% spent > two months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1±2.4 to 5.8±3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6 to 1.9) and ISI (5.1±4.7 to 7.7±6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3 to 2.9) scores were higher during- compared to pre-lockdown, associated (all p<0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (p<0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.63) and ISI (p<0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72 to 3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although the PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, the ISI score was higher in athletes who spent > two months confined compared to those who spent < one month (p<0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26 to 2.3). Conclusions: Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes’ sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel). © 2022 Romdhani, Fullagar, Vitale, Nedelec, Rae, Ammar, Chtourou, Al-horani, BEN SAAD, Bragazzi, Donmez, Dergaa, DRISS, Farooq, Hammouda, Harroum, Hassanmirzaei, Khalladi, Khemila, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Moussa-Chamari, Mujika, Muñoz Helú, Norouzi Fashkhami, Paineiras-Domingos, Rahbari Khaneghah, Saita, Souissi, Trabelsi, Washif, Weber, Zmijewski, Taylor, Garbarino and Chamari.Item Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study(NLM (Medline), 2020) Ammar, Achraf; Mueller, Patrick; Trabelsi, Khaled; Chtourou, Hamdi; Boukhris, Omar; Masmoudi, Liwa; Bouaziz, Bassem; Brach, Michael; Schmicker, Marlen; Bentlage, Ellen; How, Daniella; Ahmed, Mona; Aloui, Asma; Hammouda, Omar; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Braakman-jansen, Annemarie; Wrede, Christian; Bastoni, Sophia; Pernambuco, Carlos Soares; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Taheri, Morteza; Irandoust, Khadijeh; Khacharem, Aïmen; Bragazzi, Nicola L.; Washif, Jad Adrian; Glenn, Jordan M.; Bott, Nicholas T.; Gargouri, Faiez; Chaari, Lotfi; Batatia, Hadj; khoshnami, Samira C.; Samara, Evangelia; Zisi, Vasiliki; Sankar, Parasanth; Ahmed, Waseem N.; Ali, Gamal Mohamed; Abdelkarim, Osama; Jarraya, Mohamed; El Abed, Kais; Romdhani, Mohamed; Souissi, Nizar; Gemert-Pijnen, Lisette Van; Bailey, Stephen J.; Moalla, Wassim; Gómez-Raja, Jonathan; Epstein, Monique; Sanderman, Robbert; Schulz, Sebastian; Jerg, Achim; Al-Horani, Ramzi; Mansi, Taysir; Jmail, Mohamed; Barbosa, Fernando; Ferreira-Santos, Fernando; Šimunič, Boštjan; Pišot, Rado; Gaggioli, Andrea; Zmijewski, Piotr; Steinacker, Jürgen M.; Strahler, Jana; Riemann, Laurel; Riemann, Bryan L.; Mueller, Notger; Chamari, Karim; Driss, Tarak; Hoekelmann, AnitaBACKGROUND: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing. METHODS: The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during" and "before" home confinement. RESULTS: Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during" compared to "before" home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during" compared to "before" home confinement. CONCLUSION: The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.Item Ramadan observance exacerbated the negative effects of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep and training behaviors: an international survey on 1681 Muslim athlete(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-06-30) Romdhani, Mohamed; Ammar, Achraf; Trabelsi, Khaled; Chtourou, Hamdi; Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Masmoudi, Liwa; Nedelec, Mathieu; Rae, Dale Elizabeth; Al-horani, Ramzi A.; BEN SAAD, Helmi; Bragazzi, Luigi; Donmez, Gurhan; Dergaa, Ismail; DRISS, Tarak; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Hammouda, Omar; Harroum, Nesrine; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Khalladi, Karim; Khemila, Syrine; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Mujika, Iñigo; Helú, Hussein Muñoz; Fashkhami, Amin Norouzi; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Khaneghah, Mehrshad Rahbari; Saita, Yoshitomo; Souabni, Maher; Souissi, Nizar; Washif, Jad Adrian; Weber, Johanna; Zmijewski, Piotr; Taylor, Lee; Garbarino, Sergio; Chamari, KarimObjective: Disrupted sleep and training behaviors in athletes have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed at investigating the combined effects of Ramadan observance and COVID-19 related lockdown in Muslim athletes. Methods: From an international sample of athletes (n = 3911), 1681 Muslim athletes (from 44 countries; 25.1 ± 8.7 years, 38% females, 41% elite, 51% team sport athletes) answered a retrospective, cross-sectional questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: (i) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); (ii) insomnia severity index (ISI); (iii) bespoke questions about training, napping, and eating behaviors, and (iv) questions related to training and sleep behaviors during-lockdown and Ramadan compared to lockdown outside of Ramadan. The survey was disseminated predominately through social media, opening July 8th and closing September 30th, 2020. Results: The lockdown reduced sleep quality and increased insomnia severity (both p<0.001). Compared to non-Muslim (n=2230), Muslim athletes reported higher PSQI and ISI scores during-lockdown (both p<0.001), but not pre-lockdown (p>0.05). Muslim athletes reported longer (p<0.001; d=0.29) and later (p<0.001; d=0.14) daytime naps, and an increase in late-night meals (p<0.001; d=0.49) during- compared to pre-lockdown. Both sleep quality (χ2=222.6; p<0.001) and training volume (χ2=342.4; p<0.001) were lower during-lockdown and Ramadan compared to lockdown outside of Ramadan in the Muslims athletes. Conclusion: Muslim athletes reported lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity during- compared to pre-lockdown, and this was exacerbated by Ramadan observance. Therefore, further attention to Muslim athletes is warranted when a circadian disrupter (e.g., lockdown) occurs during Ramadan. © 2022 Romdhani, Ammar, Trabelsi, Chtourou, Vitale, Masmoudi, Nedelec, Rae, Al-horani, BEN SAAD, Bragazzi, Donmez, Dergaa, DRISS, Farooq, Hammouda, Harroum, Hassanmirzaei, Khalladi, Khemila, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Moussa-Chamari, Mujika, Muñoz Helú, Norouzi Fashkhami, Paineiras-Domingos, Rahbari Khaneghah, Saita, Souabni, Souissi, Washif, Weber, Zmijewski, Taylor, Garbarino and Chamari.Item Sleep Quality and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mental Wellbeing Variance in Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 International Online Survey(MDPI AG, 2021) Trabelsi, Khaled; Ammar, Achraf; Masmoudi, Liwa; Boukhris, Omar; Chtourou, Hamdi; Bouaziz, Bassem; Brach, Michael; Bentlage, Ellen; How, Daniella; Ahmed, Mona; Mueller, Patrick; Mueller, Notger; Hsouna, Hsen; Elghoul, Yousri; Romdhani, Mohamed; Hammouda, Omar; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Braakman-Jansen, Annemarie; Wrede, Christian; Bastoni, Sofia; Pernambuco, Carlos Soares; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Taheri, Morteza; Irandoust, Khadijeh; Bragazzi, Nicola L.; Strahler, Jana; Washif, Jad Adrian; Andreeva, Albina; Bailey, Stephen J.; Acton, Jarred; Mitchell, Emma; Bott, Nicholas T.; Gargouri, Faiez; Chaari, Lotfi; Batatia, Hadj; Khoshnami, Samira C.; Samara, Evangelia; Zisi, Vasiliki; Sankar, Parasanth; Ahmed, Waseem N.; Ali, Gamal Mohamed; Abdelkarim, Osama; Jarraya, Mohamed; El Abed, Kais; Moalla, Wassim; Souissi, Nafaa; Aloui, Asma; Souissi, Nizar; Gemert-Pijnen, Lisette Van; Riemann, Bryan L.; Riemann, Laurel; Delhey, Jan; Gómez-Raja, Jonathan; Epstein, Monique; Sanderman, Robbert; Schulz, Sebastian; Jerg, Achim; Al-Horani, Ramzi; Mansi, Taysir; Dergaa, Ismail; Jmail, Mohamed; Barbosa, Fernando; Ferreira-Santos, Fernando; Šimunič, Boštjan; Pišot, Rado; Pišot, Saša; Gaggioli, Andrea; Steinacker, Jürgen; Zmijewski, Piotr; Apfelbacher, Christian; Glenn, Jordan M.; Khacharem, Aïmen; Clark, Cain C.T.; Saad, Helmi Ben; Chamari, Karim; Driss, Tarak; Hoekelmann, Anita; ECLB-COVID19 ConsortiumBackground. The COVID-19 lockdown could engender disruption to lifestyle behaviors, thus impairing mental wellbeing in the general population. This study investigated whether socio-demographic variables, changes in physical activity, and sleep quality from pre-to during lockdown were predictors of change in mental wellbeing in quarantined older adults. Methods. A 12-week international online survey was launched in 14 languages on 6 April 2020. Forty-one research insti-tutions from Europe, Western-Asia, North-Africa, and the Americas, promoted the survey. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “pre” and “during” the lockdown period. Participants responded to the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results. Replies from older adults (aged >55 years, n = 517), mainly from Europe (50.1%), Western-Asia (6.8%), America (30%), and North-Africa (9.3%) were analyzed. The COVID-19 lockdown led to significantly decreased mental wellbeing, sleep quality, and total physical activity energy expenditure levels (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the change in total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure (F(2, 514) = 66.41 p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the decrease in mental wellbeing from pre-to during lockdown (p < 0.001, R2: 0.20). Conclusion. COVID-19 lockdown deleteriously affected physical activity and sleep patterns. Furthermore, change in the total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure were significant predictors for the decrease in mental wellbeing. © 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Item Training During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of 12,526 Athletes from 142 Countries and Six Continents(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-04) Washif, Jad Adrian; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Krug, Isabel; Pyne, David B.; Verhagen, Evert; Taylor, Lee; Wong, Del P.; Mujika, Iñigo; Cortis, Cristina; Haddad, Monoem; Ahmadian, Omid; Al Jufaili, Mahmood; Al-Horani, Ramzi A.; Al-Mohannadi, Abdulla Saeed; Aloui, Asma; Ammar, Achraf; Arifi, Fitim; Aziz, Abdul Rashid; Batuev, Mikhail; Beaven, Christopher Martyn; Beneke, Ralph; Bici, Arben; Bishnoi, Pallawi; Bogwasi, Lone; Bok, Daniel; Boukhris, Omar; Boullosa, Daniel; Bragazzi, Nicola; Brito, Joao; Cartagena, Roxana Paola Palacios; Chaouachi, Anis; Cheung, Stephen S.; Chtourou, Hamdi; Cosma, Germina; Debevec, Tadej; DeLang, Matthew D.; Dellal, Alexandre; Dönmez, Gürhan; Driss, Tarak; Duque, Juan David Peña; Eirale, Cristiano; Elloumi, Mohamed; Foster, Carl; Franchini, Emerson; Fusco, Andrea; Galy, Olivier; Gastin, Paul B.; Gill, Nicholas; Girard, Olivier; Gregov, Cvita; Halson, Shona; Hammouda, Omar; Hanzlíková, Ivana; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Haugen, Thomas; Hébert-Losier, Kim; Helú, Hussein Muñoz; Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomás; Hettinga, Florentina J.; Holtzhausen, Louis; Hue, Olivier; Iacono, Antonio Dello; Ihalainen, Johanna K.; James, Carl; Rensburg, Dina C. Janse van; Joseph, Saju; Kamoun, Karim; Khaled, Mehdi; Khalladi, Karim; Kim, Kwang Joon; Kok, Lian-Yee; MacMillan, Lewis; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Matsunaga, Ryo; Memishi, Shpresa; Millet, Grégoire P.; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Musa, Danladi Ibrahim; Nguyen, Hoang Minh Thuan; Nikolaidis, Pantelis T.; Owen, Adam; Padulo, Johnny; Pagaduan, Jeffrey Cayaban; Perera, Nirmala Panagodage; Pérez-Gómez, Jorge; Pillay, Lervasen; Popa, Arporn; Pudasaini, Avishkar; Rabbani, Alireza; Rahayu, Tandiyo; Romdhani, Mohamed; Salamh, Paul; Sarkar, Abu-Sufian; Schillinger, Andy; Seiler, Stephen; Setyawati, Heny; Shrestha, Navina; Suraya, Fatona; Tabben, Montassar; Trabelsi, Khaled; Urhausen, Axel; Valtonen, Maarit; Weber, Johanna; Whiteley, Rodney; Zrane, Adel; Zerguini, Yacine; Zmijewski, Piotr; Sandbakk, Øyvind; Saad, Helmi Ben; Chamari, KarimObjective: Our objective was to explore the training-related knowledge, beliefs, and practices of athletes and the influence of lockdowns in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: Athletes (n = 12,526, comprising 13% world class, 21% international, 36% national, 24% state, and 6% recreational) completed an online survey that was available from 17 May to 5 July 2020 and explored their training behaviors (training knowledge, beliefs/attitudes, and practices), including specific questions on their training intensity, frequency, and session duration before and during lockdown (March–June 2020). Results: Overall, 85% of athletes wanted to “maintain training,” and 79% disagreed with the statement that it is “okay to not train during lockdown,” with a greater prevalence for both in higher-level athletes. In total, 60% of athletes considered “coaching by correspondence (remote coaching)” to be sufficient (highest amongst world-class athletes). During lockdown, < 40% were able to maintain sport-specific training (e.g., long endurance [39%], interval training [35%], weightlifting [33%], plyometric exercise [30%]) at pre-lockdown levels (higher among world-class, international, and national athletes), with most (83%) training for “general fitness and health maintenance” during lockdown. Athletes trained alone (80%) and focused on bodyweight (65%) and cardiovascular (59%) exercise/training during lockdown. Compared with before lockdown, most athletes reported reduced training frequency (from between five and seven sessions per week to four or fewer), shorter training sessions (from ≥ 60 to < 60 min), and lower sport-specific intensity (~ 38% reduction), irrespective of athlete classification. Conclusions: COVID-19-related lockdowns saw marked reductions in athletic training specificity, intensity, frequency, and duration, with notable within-sample differences (by athlete classification). Higher classification athletes had the strongest desire to “maintain” training and the greatest opposition to “not training” during lockdowns. These higher classification athletes retained training specificity to a greater degree than others, probably because of preferential access to limited training resources. More higher classification athletes considered “coaching by correspondence” as sufficient than did lower classification athletes. These lockdown-mediated changes in training were not conducive to maintenance or progression of athletes’ physical capacities and were also likely detrimental to athletes’ mental health. These data can be used by policy makers, athletes, and their multidisciplinary teams to modulate their practice, with a degree of individualization, in the current and continued pandemic-related scenario. Furthermore, the data may drive training-related educational resources for athletes and their multidisciplinary teams. Such upskilling would provide athletes with evidence to inform their training modifications in response to germane situations (e.g., COVID related, injury, and illness). © 2021, The Author(s).Item Training practices of Filipino athletes during the early COVID-19 lockdown(University of Zagreb - Faculty of Kinesiology, 2022) Pagaduan, Jeffrey Cayaban; Washif, Jad Adrian; Krug, Isabel; Ammar, Achraf; Saad, Helmi Ben; James, Carl; Cortis, Cristina; Trabelsi, Khaled; Haddad, Monoem; Bok, Daniel; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose; Pérez-Gómez, Jorge; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Chen, Yung-Sheng; Gastin, Paul; Chamari, KarimThe imposition of COVID-19 lockdown restricted the daily activities of many people, including athletes. This study investigated the training practices of athletes in the Philippines during the early COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 442 athletes answered an online survey (May-July 2020), with questions pertaining to training practices, such as training frequency and duration. Data were analyzed according to: athlete classification (world-class, international, national, state, or recreational), sport category (individual or team), and sex (male or female). During lockdown, significant reductions in training frequency (except recreational, i.e., lower pre-lockdown training) and duration were observed for all athletic classifications. Similarly, training frequency and duration decreased significantly irrespective of sport category and sex. World class athletes appeared to be less affected by lockdown (types of exercise and specific training) as compared to lower-classification athletes. Athletes grouped in accordance with sex and sport category demonstrated little to no difference in training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings of the current study highlight the challenges experienced by athletes during lockdown, which may aid policy makers in the development of guidelines related to lockdown or lockdown-like situations to establish appropriate support for affected athletes. © 2022, University of Zagreb - Faculty of Kinesiology. All rights reserved.